Tracing Charleston’s History of Slavery, From a Burial Ground to a DNA Swab

African American burial grounds across the United States have been erased or forgotten, and others are at risk of disappearing.

They have been covered by pools, playgrounds, parking lots and performance halls.

Community organizations in Charleston, S.C., and beyond are working to change that.

In the process, they are also searching for descendants of those buried.

A quest to find living descendants of 36 enslaved people has transformed into a project that gives Black residents new clues to their ancestry, wherever it may lead.

April 11, 2024

When Edward Lee heard about a project collecting DNA from Black residents like him in Charleston, S.C., he had reason to be skeptical. Knowing that African Americans have been exploited before financially and in medical experiments, he feared that handing over his genetic identity could leave him vulnerable.

But he knew the people behind the Anson Street African Burial Ground Project, having worked with many of them before on similar efforts to preserve the region’s Black history.

And they came to him with a unique proposal: With DNA extracted from 36 enslaved people whose bones had been unearthed by a construction crew downtown, researchers were now searching for their living descendants.

Even if he wasn’t related to any of them, Mr. Lee figured, maybe a DNA test could still provide other answers that had eluded him. He could trace his ancestry to a great-great-grandmother on one side, but no further. So last spring, he sat still as a researcher gently swabbed the inside of his cheek.

“I had to have guarantees that we control the results — that’s the only reason I did it,” Mr. Lee said.

Edward Lee in Scanlonville Cemetery, also known as Remley Point Cemetery. To show that area was a burial site, crosses were placed over graves.